A peer-to-peer (or "P2P") computer network uses various connectivity between members of a network and the collective bandwidth of network members rather than the traditional centralized resources where a comparatively low number of servers provide the core value to a service or application. Peer-to-peer networks are generally used for connecting nodes through exclusive connections. Such networks are valuable for many functions. Sharing files that contain audio, video, data or anything in a digital form is very common, and real-time data, such as telephony traffic, is also shared through P2P technology.
A pure peer-to-peer network does not have the concept of clients or servers, but only equal peer nodes that function as both clients and servers to the other nodes on the network. This form of network array differs from the conventional client-server form where contact usually takes place to and from a central server. A classic example for a non peer-to-peer file transfer is an FTP server where the client and server programs are discrete, and the clients commence the downloads and uploads and the servers accomplish these requests.
The idea of peer to peer is progressively advancing to an extended custom as the relational dynamic active in distributed networks, i.e. not just computer to computer, but also human to human.
Laure Bashour
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